
Buying guides
The milk kit: jugs, thermometers and frothers
Which jug for which drink, whether a thermometer earns its place, and what a frother can and cannot do when the machine has no steam wand.
Milk texture first, pattern second, and in that order. Why most pours fail in the jug.

Which jug for which drink, whether a thermometer earns its place, and what a frother can and cannot do when the machine has no steam wand.

Equal thirds of espresso, steamed milk and foam, served in a 150–180 ml cup. The classic ratio, and how to hit it at home.

Most failed patterns were lost during steaming, not pouring. Here is the texture to aim for, the kit that helps, and how to pour a heart.

Foam that splits from the milk has one of four causes. Work through them in this order: air, whirlpool, temperature, and the wait before you pour.